การศึกษาเพื่อพัฒนาคุณภาพชีวิตกรทำงานของแรงงานนอกระบบ : ศึกษาเฉพาะกรณีผู้ขับขี่มอเตอร์ไซค์รับจ้าง และผู้ค้าขายตลาดนัดในเขตกรุงเทพมหานคร
Study on the Development of Quality of Working Life of Informal Labour: Case Studies of Motorcycle Drivers and Temporary Market Vendors
วิจิตร ระวิวงศ์, สมบุญ ยมนา, สมศักดิ์ นัคลาจารย์, กัลยา ไทยวงษ์, นัทธมน แก้วไทย |
Abstract
The study aims at assessing the quality of working life of two groups of informal labour namely motorcycle drivers which represent service sector and temporary market vendors which represent minor trade sector whose working characteristics are totally different to provided information for future labour protection plan. Descriptive statistics are applied for data analysis of quality of working life of both groups, while a tested measurement formula is applied for the measurement of their quality of life.
The study finds that motorcycle drivers fairly have occupational security, while they have high accident risks and some trouble with the occupational site. Most of them are not interested in physical examination or exercise, instead they are regular drinkers and smokers. Their particular diseases are found to be mainly breathing disorder and eyes diseases. The temporary market vendors work less hours, have good income and savings with some problems with their occupational site. Similarly to the motorcycle drivers, th temporary market vendors are not health conscious. Their particular diseases are mainly hypertension and diabetes. The assessment of quality of life finds that motorcycle drivers’ physical and mental health are at a fair level and are slightly better than the temporary market vendors. As for the quality of family and working life, both groups comparatively are fairly good, while the most concernable aspects are economic security, followed by physical environment and safety.
As for the opinions on social security for informal labour which the researchers believe would contribute to better quality of life, it is found that almost 90 percent of both groups are in favor of being covered by the system and the mojority of them are capable to pay for contribution at 100-150 baht permonth. The groups want to have the same coverage as those for formal labour with first priority for sickness or injury.
The study recommends that the Bangkok Metropolis Administration (BMA) should systematically set standard and orderliness for temporary markets in the areas, prevent both the vendors and motorcycle drivers from being fleeced by corrupted authorities, provide free annual physical examination and motorcycle drivers from being fleeced by corrupted authorities, provide free annual physical examination and knowledge on occupational safety, motivate informal labour to buy life and accident insurance for the benefits of themselves and their families. The Social Security Office should speed up Social Security Scheme for Informal Labour, while the National Health Insurance Office should include various groups of informal labour as its targets. The Ministry of Labour should encourage group formation of informal labour for their rights protection and self-development, and the Government should consider providing them with housing and occupational soft loan.
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