กำเนิดผู้บริหารมืออาชีพไทย : อดีต ปัจจุบัน และอนาคต
The Rise of Thai Professional Managers : Past , Present , and Future
ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ ดร.เนตรนภา ยาบุชิตะ
คณะพาณิชยศาสตร์และการบัญชี มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
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Abstract
This paper presents evidences about the rise of professional managers in Thailand dating back to the start of industrialization according to the National Economic and Social Development Plans. Thai government has promoted the roles of private sector seriously since B.E. 2504 to the present, which has already entered the 12th National Economic and Development Plan (B.E.2560-2564). This study used quantitative research method based on three sets of secondary statistical data, including information on executives of private companies in B.E. 2530 published by the Manager Magazine (120 managers), profiles of the President or Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand in B.E.2543 (259 persons) and B.E. 2559 (483 persons).
The results indicate that the professional managers of private companies in Thailand were divided into three groups, comprising (1) the owners or founders and their successors; non-family employed managers including (2) internally-promoted managers who entered the company at a bottom level and then climb up into top management positions, and (3) managers from the outside who entered directly into top management positions. Most Thai professional managers also obtained higher educational levels. Most have specialized in management, especially MBA. Over half graduated from abroad, especially the United States. However, the proportion of CEOs who were founders and their heirs are still high, reflecting a high degree of family control, which must face the problem of the decay of the third generation. It is required strategies to develop family enterprises to managerial enterprises as well as to constitute human resource management system for non-family professional managers to hand over the family business in the future.
Keywords: Professional managers, family managers, founders and heirs, non-family employed managers, internally-promoted managers or lifers, managers from outside
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