Abstract
This study is the second phase of the research project “Psychological Factors of Entrepreneurial Success in Tourism and Accommodations Small Business Entrepreneurs: Knowledge”. The purposes are to study the attributions and the relationships of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Human Capital, and Success of Entrepreneurs and to develop the prediction equation to entrepreneurial success by such factors. Subjects are 525 SME Accommodation Entrepreneurs in highest successful provincess from 6 parts of tourism Thailand. The measurement instruments are individual structured interviews and questionnaires. Statistical analysis tools include frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation and Stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of the study are:
1. Majority of subjects are 34-44 year-old Bangkokers of male sex. Inexperienced of being entrepreneur and in-practicing in accommodation business are mostly found among subjects. Most of them were ex-employees and have been alone running their own business since 1997 (Most), 1992 (some), 1986 (some), with starting investment of more than 1 million baht. The inspiration of career came from the cousin’s business. At least, more than 31 employees works in an organization, to which only short-plans are set for every duties/position. Not more than 50 hours per week is the average working rate of an entrepreneur. Business success did not show any correlations to sex, age, cousin’s business, extra education/training, and experienced of being entrepreneur.
2. With ragard to Entrepreneurial Orientation, it is found that the entrepreneurs have Autonomy, Need for Achievement, and Stability & Learning at a considerably high level while Risk Taking, Innovativeness, and Competitive Aggressiveness are at a medium level.
3. With regard to Human Capital, it is found that most of the entrepreneurs hold Bachelor’s Degree. Nevertheless, they have skills and experience in management at a considerably medium level.
4. The entrepreneurs are generally successful at a high level, following by at a medium level. Surprisingly, a few entrepreneurs have shown their success at a low level.
5. With Regard to the relationship of entrepreneurial Orientation, Human Capital, and Success, style of Entrepreneurial Orientation in Autonomy, Innovativeness, stability & Learning, and Achievement, including Human Capital in experience in management and career skills, positively correlate with Success. The predicting equation shows that Innovativeness, Achievement, Autonomy, of entrepreneurial Orientation, and Experience in management of Human Capital, could predict Success at 9.6%, with the error of 6.4421
6. It has been discovered that the details and the results of the relationships have specific characteristics because they are conditioned by the context of each tourist area.
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